Reports & Guides Databases Webinars Organizational Resources
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Reports/Guides
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Jail-Based Voting in the District of Columbia: A Case Study, Harvard Kennedy School Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation, February 2024.
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Jail-Based Voting Resources, The Sentencing Project, November 2023.
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Expanding the Vote: State Felony Disenfranchisement Reform, 1997-2023, The Sentencing Project, October 2023.
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Voting in New York State Jails: A Qualitative Analysis of Access, League of Women Voters of New York, June 2023.
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Increasing Public Safety by Restoring Voting Rights, The Sentencing Project, April 2023.
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Locked Out 2022: Estimates of People Denied Voting Rights, The Sentencing Project, October 2022.
Criminalizing the Right to Vote

Today’s criminalization of voting rights focuses on citizens who have been convicted of felony offenses. Voting laws are constantly changing, and people are understandably confused. Criminalization should not occur when mens rea is lacking. Citizens with felony convictions do not lose their right to an attorney, the right to remain silent, or the right to be protected from unreasonable searches and seizures. Why should they lose the right to vote?
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What You Need to Know: Determining Someone’s Eligibility to Register and Vote Under Amendment 4 and SB 7066, Legal Defense Fund, Brennan Center for Justice, ACLU Florida, and ACLU, August 2022.
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New National Poll Shows Majority Favor Guaranteed Right to Vote for All, Lake Research Partners, August 9, 2022.
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Voting with a Criminal Record in Florida: Determining Someone’s Eligibility to Register and Vote Under Amendment 4 and SB 7066 (One-Pager), Legal Defense Fund, Brennan Center for Justice, ACLU Florida, and ACLU, August 2022.
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Treating the Voting Booth Like a Crime Scene: The Hypercriminalization of Elections, Voting Rights Lab, April 25, 2022.
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Racism & Felony Disenfranchisement: An Intertwined History, Brennan Center for Justice, May 2017.
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The Politics of the Restoration of Ex-Felon Voting Rights: The Case of Iowa, Quarterly Journal of Political Science, 2015.
Databases
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Search for the Crime Bills That Target Voting and Elections in Your State, Reveal, Oct 27, 2022.
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New and Elevated Election-Related Crimes Since 2020 (Database of New Laws Codifying New Criminal Offenses), States Newsroom.
Defending Against the Criminalization of Voting

People with past felony convictions have been prosecuted for registering to vote, casting ballots, or seeking to register while ineligible. It seems that the purpose of these prosecutions is to intimidate eligible voters with past felony convictions and keep them away from the ballot box. Democracy needs champions to defend people who acted in good faith but are being prosecuted for violating election laws. Voting rights restoration expert Blair Bowie offers tips that may help build a strong defense.
Webinars
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NACDL Engage & Exchange: Criminalization of Voting: Legal Challenges and Court Cases, November 2025.
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NACDL Engage & Exchange: Mapping the Landscape: Voting Rights Developments in the Courtroom and Capitols, April 2025.
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The Criminalization of Voting: Texas Voter Prosecutions Defense Training, May 2024.
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The Criminalization of Voting Rights: Front-End Community Engagement, April 2024.
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The Criminalization of Voting: Overview of Voter Prosecutions, November 2023.
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Florida Voter Prosecutions Criminal Defense Training, May 2023.
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Rights Restoration and the Criminalization of Voting, Campaign Legal Center, May 2023.
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Guaranteeing Voting Rights to People with Felony Convictions, August 2022.
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De-Facto Disenfranchisement: Ensuring the Freedom to Vote in Jail, October 2021.
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Race + Criminal Legal System: Collateral Consequences Part I and Part II, April 2021.
Organizational Resources
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Standard Jury Instructions for Criminal Cases, Florida Bar
- 29.28 False Information in Connection with Voting or Elections § 104.011(1) and (2), Fla. Stat.
- 29.29 Unqualified Voting § 104.15, Fla. Stat.

